Oscar Nathan Strauss [sic] (1870-1954) was a highly-productive Viennese composer of operettas, orchestral music, film scores and songs. His most famous work, The Chocolate Soldier (1908), was ostensibly filmed by MGM, but little of Straus’s music was used.
Straus spent a few years working in America from 1930, during which time he contributed music to A Lady’s Morals and, perhaps more memorably, to two Lubitsch musicals, The Smiling Lieutenant (1931) and One Hour with You (1932).
Late in life, Straus provided the scores for two masterpieces by Max Ophuls, La ronde (1950) and Madame de… (1953).
Percy Wenrich (1880-1952) began writing melodies for fun as a teenager and had his first work self-published at the age of 17. Later on, others were moved to publish his compositions, which supplemented his income as a for-hire pianist. His first really successful song came in 1908/9, and within a few years had written the male quartet standard ‘Moonlight Bay’.
Wenrich did not write much directly for films, though ‘Moonlight Bay’ is frequently used as incidental music. Abe Lyman and his Orchestra perform ‘Where Do We Go from Here?’ in Madam Satan (marching doughboys had sung it briefly in Marianne) and Mickey Rooney dances to ‘Moonlight Bay’ in Babes in Arms.
It is difficult to attach a label to Elsie Jane Bierbower (1889-1956). She was, amongst other things, a stage and screen actor, a singer, a screenwriter, a lyricist, NBC’s first female announcer, an author, and one of the first people to entertain troops on the frontline, when she became known as ‘the sweetheart of the American Expeditionary Force’.
As ‘Baby Elsie’, Janis started singing at church aged two and a half. She made her stage debut aged six, in a professional production of East Lynne. Next came vaudeville, where she demonstrated her skill at impersonating celebrities. In 1906, she appeared on Broadway for the first time. By 1914, Janis was writing songs for herself and for other performers, including Vernon and Irene Castle.
After the United States joined in the First World War, Janis and a small troupe toured the battle zones; she even learned some French so she could entertain French troops.
She wrote a memoir in 1925, and by 1930 was writing for the cinema. She worked on the screenplay for Madam Satan, as well as contributing songs written in collaboration with Jack King.
During the Second World War, Janis toured for the troops again, even performing with Bob Hope, who was following where she had led.
Show business glamour was maintained to the very end. When Janis died in 1956, her friend Mary Pickford was at her bedside.
Albert King (1903-43) was a child prodigy, giving concert performances on the piano at a very young age. He later became a singing instructor and performed in vaudeville.
As a songwriter, normally in partnership with Elsie Janis, King produced songs for a number of early sound musicals, including MGM’s Madam Satan and Reckless.
King also made an appearance in Madam Satan as Herman, Lillian Roth’s pianist.
James Francis McHugh (1894-1969), like many other contributors to the Great American Songbook, had worked as a song plugger before producing his own hits.
He worked in partnership with many lyricists, but perhaps most fruitfully with Dorothy Fields. Amongst the many standards they produced were ‘I’m in the Mood for Love’ and ‘I Can’t Give You Anything But Love’.
Fields and McHugh numbers were used by MGM in Love in the Rough, and later contributed to Flying High, The Cuban Love Song, Dancing Lady, Till the Clouds Roll By, Big City, The Strip and Lovely to Look At. Songs written with other lyricists are featured in Two Girls and a Sailor, A Date With Judy (notably ‘It’s a Most Unusual Day’) and Looking for Love.
Born into a showbiz family, Dorothy Fields (1904-74) worked on the stage for a few years before finding her true vocation as a songwriter. She was one of the few women to find success on Tin Pan Alley, and undoubtedly the greatest of them. She wrote the songs for Roberta in 1933 and for Sweet Charity in 1966, and it is astonishing to consider that ‘Smoke Gets in Your Eyes’ and ‘The Rhythm of Life’ came from the pen of the same writer. Few songwriters had the same ability to adapt to changing musical styles.
Fields’s early work found little success, but she came into her own after partnering with composer Jimmy McHugh. Together, they wrote a string of popular hits, including ‘I Can’t Give You Anything But Love’ and ‘On the Sunny Side of the Street’.
Fields and McHugh wrote the songs used by MGM in Love in the Rough, and later contributed to Flying High, The Cuban Love Song, Dancing Lady, Till the Clouds Roll By, Big City, The Strip and Lovely to Look At, the studio’s updated version of Roberta, on which she worked with Jerome Kern.
Numbers by Fields working in collaboration with other composers also featured in Mr Imperium, Excuse My Dust and Texas Carnival.
Fields co-wrote the book for the stage show adapted into Annie Get Your Gun.
Lawrence Fredrick Schaetzlein (1897-1988) was a prolific songwriter with one immortal classic to his name. In 1928 he co-authored that paean to optimism, ‘When You’re Smiling (the Whole World Smiles With You)’.
Shortly before MGM appointed him Music Director, Shay co-wrote ‘Gee, But I’d Like to Make You Happy’ for the 1930 Good News.
George Waggner (1894-1984), or george waGGner as he sometimes, and inexplicably, chose to credit himself, is best known as a writer, director and producer.
Wagner produced and directed Universal’s The Wolf Man (1941), establishing himself in the horror pantheon. He also produced Cobra Woman (1944), the once-in-a-lifetime joining of Robert Siodmak with Maria Montez.
Much earlier in life, Waggoner worked as an actor (up against Rudolph Valentino in The Sheik (1921) and songwriter.
In the latter capacity, Waggoner teamed with J Russel Robinson to write ‘I Feel Pessimistic’ for the 1930 version of Good News.
Joseph Russel Robinson (1892-1963) was a member of the Original Dixieland Jazz Band and a notable jazz composer. He co-wrote the standard ‘Singin the Blues’, which was recorded by Bix Beiderbecke.
In the 1930s Robinson turned to songwriting, including for the screen. The title song for Portrait of Jennie’ (1948), with lyrics by Gordon Burge, became a hit record for Nat ‘King’ Cole.
Robinson co-wrote ‘I Feel Pessimistic’ for the 1930 version of Good News.
Raymond Brost (1896-1970) was a Tin Pan Alley composer whose many hits included ‘Has Anybody Seen My Girl’ and Shirley Temple’s ‘Animal Crackers in My Soup’.
Perhaps the highpoint of Brown’s career was the six years he spent from 1925 in partnership with Buddy G DeSylva and Lew Brown. Their Broadway show Good News (1927) was filmed twice by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The pictures retained some, though not all, of the original show’s numbers, including ‘The Varsity Drag’.
